Citation: Shenavandeh S, Sefidbakht S. Amidst the chaos of late rheumatoid arthritis with no treatment. J Clin Images Med Case Rep. 2022; 3(1): 1535.

Clinical image description

A 78-year-old man with 24 years history of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) came with neck pain. He always refused any treatment except for NSAIDs. From 2 years ago, he was bedridden. He was chronic cigarette smoker. On examination, he had rheumatoid nodules, severe both hands deformity, elbows flexion contracture and knee joints limitation of motion. His lab tests showed high titer of rheumatoid factor and anti cyclic citrullinated protein antibody, high ESR, CRP and vitamin D deficiency. Radiologic studies showed multiple vertebral osteoporotic fractures. Cervical spine CT scan (a and b) showed destruction of the odontoid process and fusion of facet joints of the C2, C3 and C4. MRI of cervical spine (c) showed destruction of odontoid process surrounding by inflammatory synovitis. CT scan of lung (e and f) showed multiple upper lobeand sub pleural nodules along fibrotic changes in base of right lobe. X-ray of knee and hip (d and g) showed severe osteoarthritis andsite of previouship nailing. The patient was diagnosed with advanced erosive nodular RA, severe secondary osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid lung. Standard treatment was recommended, although he again refused. RA can result in progressive joint destruction, deformity and disability [1]. In the spine, it has a predilection for the cervical area, leads to odontoid erosion, spinal instability, and subluxation. In the era of importance of early treatment, these complications are rarely seen, however despite biologic therapy, it has been shown that 15-30% of RA patients can still have preclinical cervical spine abnormalities [2]. The Osteoporosis (OP) is more frequent in patients with high disease activity, bone erosions, >10 years disease duration, and high titers of anti-CCP and RF positivity [3]. Our patient with multiple poor prognostic factors for erosive RA came with extra articular and complications of this disease due refusing treatment.

References

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2. Oláh C, Kardos Z, Kostyál L, Hodosi K, Tamási L, Bereczki D, et al. Assessment of cervical spine involvement in rheumatoid arthritis patients in the era of biologics: A real-life, cross-sectional MRI study. 2020; 40: 915-921.
3. Llorente I, García Castañeda N, Valero C, González Álvaro I, Castañeda S. Osteoporosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Dangerous Liaisons. Frontiers in medicine. 2020; 7: 601-618.