Articles

We present the case of a patient from South Africa who had HIV and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Despite the fact that schistosomiasis and PRES have common pathophysiological molecular processes, there have been no earlier descriptions relating the two illnesses

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (PanNEC) is a rare type of cancer with rapid progression and a poor prognosis. In this report, we present a case of PanNEC that was diagnosed after a dramatic change in its imaging features.

This report describes a case of panniculitis in the setting of infection with histoplasma capsulatum in a patient with active dermatomyositis on immunosuppressive medications. The appearance of panniculitis on the patient’s lower extremity was interpreted as possible necrotizing cellulitis in the setting of the patient’s immunosuppressive therapy or worsening of her dermatomyositis rash.

A 72-year-old female with a history of hypertension and a recent outpatient catheterization procedure due to angina where a stent was implanted in the left anterior descending artery using the right arm presented to the emergency department with complaints of pain and swelling

A 34 years old man, had increasing pain over grafted kidney with low urine output on post-operative ‘Day 7’ following living donor kidney transplantation. He was a known case of IgA nephropathy with end stage renal disease and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS).

A 19-year-old patient, without medical history, presented a first episode of continuous fever (about 39°C) for 14 days, with rash and arthromyalgia and functional impotence of the ankles for 7 days.

Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp) are evolutionarily conserved ubiquitous molecular chaperones usually produced when cells are exposed to temperatures beyond their normal growth temperature. They are a group of ATP-independent chaperons pivotal for cell survival and proliferation.

Postpartum hemorrhage although highly preventable, it is the leading cause of maternal mortality in both resource abundant countries and resource limited countries, despite the presence of known risk factors every woman has a chance of developing postpartum hemorrhage

Intra tumoral haemorrhage occurs frequently in pituitary macro adenomas. It can either manifest as pituitary apoplexy [1], a life threatening condition with sudden onset of headaches, nausea and vomiting; or as a silent recent or old haemorrhage.

Medication reconciliation is a pharmaceutical care practice to prevent drug-related problems during pharmacotherapy. A 16-year-old woman with a 4-year history of epilepsy was admitted to the emergency care unit following two recent seizures episodes with acute headache.

We describe a clinical picture of a hypertrophic persistent pupillary membrane causing sensory deprivation amblyopia.

Since the vaginal birth is the best recommended rout of delivery with a lower mortality and morbidity for mothers and babies compared with repeat CS, a successful vaginal delivery after one or more cesarean sections has been reported, but the risks and benefits of trial of vaginal labor should be determined previously.

This concerns a 12-year-old female patient with a history of spina bifida for which she underwent a ventriculoperitoneal shunt at the age of 4 months. She presented to the emergency department with febrile altered consciousness associated with neck stiffness

Plasmacytomas can be solitary or multiple (osteosclerotic myeloma). Neuropathy resembling chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy or POEMS syndrome has rarely been reported in literature in association of cranial vault plasmacytoma.

A 53-year-old gentleman presented with sudden onset swelling over the neck for the past 5 days. It was associated with dyspnoea on exertion. He was a known patient of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome since sixteen years of age.

A 5 year old with a history of recurrent chest infections and presumed asthma presented to the emergency department with acute severe abdominal pain, tachycardia and pallor.

Fabry’s nephropathy is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease, commonly seen in patients with undetermined proteinuria. Herein, we describe a 35-year-old male who was diagnosed with Fabry’s nephropathy.

Schwannomas are benign tumors arising from Schwann cells in the peripheral nerve and rarely develop at suboccipital area. We report a case of a greater occipital nerve schwannoma causing occipital neuralgia.

Moyamoya Disease (MMD) is a rare cause of stroke with progressive stenosis of the end of the internal carotid artery and compensatory capillaries. The symptoms and course of moyamoya disease depend on the age of the patient at the time of symptom onset and the type of first episode (ischemic or hemorrhagic), but vary in severity from transient ischemic episodes to persistent neurological deficits [1].

HPAI (High Pathogenic Avian Influenza) is one of the most serious public-health threats to arise from the animal reservoir. The diseases can kill up to 90% of a flock and generate epidemics that can spread quickly, wreaking havoc on the poultry business and putting severe trade restrictions in place.

Primary Cutaneous Aggressive Epidermotropic CD8+ T-Cell Lymphoma (PCAETCL), a rare subtype of Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma (PCL), is known for its aggressive clinical course and refractoriness to standard treatments.

To observe the clinical effect of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain (CMP). 80 CMP patients admitted to our department from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the pain improvement after pulse radiofrequency treatment.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) Is a life-threatening condition in which a blood clot occurs in the pulmonary artery. It can damage part of the lung due to decreased blood flow and can be fatal due to decreasing oxygen levels in blood [1].

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) is a small and medium vessel vasculitis with predominant respiratory and renal involvement that causes florid presentation of the disease entity with varying spectrum of illness at different time intervals.

Anthrax is an especially dangerous infection caused by Bacillus anthracis, a gram-positive, aerobic, sporulating rod. Bacillus anthracis cause pulmonary, gastrointestinal and cutaneous disease

Listeria Monocytogenes (LM) is an opportunistic bacterium that can cause from mild infections to severe clinical pictures with neurological involvement, being responsible for sporadic cases, epidemic outbreaks and a high mortality and case fatality rate.

The patient, a 32-year-old male, was positive for anti-cardiolipin antibody syndrome and had a history of smoking for 15 years. He underwent “inferior vena cava filter implantation + catheter hemolysis” 10 years ago due to deep vein thrombosis of the right lower limb.

The diagnostic value of lung ultrasound in identifying intra-thoracic masses following previous surgical interventions is shrouded in intrigue. Under-reporting and medico-legal concerns further complicate the identification and diagnosis of such cases.

Bladder stones are of two varieties, primary which are not associated with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Bladder Outlet Obstruction (BOO) or foreign bodies and secondary bladder stones which are associated with either or all of the above-mentioned entities.

A 4-year-old girl who complained of having a huge bulging tumour at the abdomen wall presented to the OPD. On inspection, a big bag was seen to protrude through the umbilicus and outside the abdominal wall. The clinical characteristics were used to make the diagnosis of omphalocele.

The association of primary two thyroid cancer (TC) and papillary renal carcinoma is an uncommon situation and only few cases have been reported. We report the case of a 49-year-old man with a papillary, medullary thyroid cancer in whom a papillary renal cancer was subsequently discovered

A seven years old girl presented with a three-day history of cough and fever, and several weeks of back pain, anorexia and weight loss. Examination was significant only for a tender, non-erythematous swelling to the right midback measuring ten centimetres in length.

Patients with coronary heart disease [CHD] have an increased risk of developing complications from COVID-19, such as myocarditis, thrombosis, arrhythmias, and heart failure. The first markers of these complications are blood counts, their monitoring can help early diagnosis and treatment of complications, thereby improving the prognosis for these patients.

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by protein accumulation, cognitive decline, and irreversible brain damage. With the aging population, AD’s prevalence is rising, necessitating effective diagnostic tools.

QS Designates a cell-to-cell communication process that enables bacteria to collectively modify their behaviour in response to changes in the cell density and species composition of the surrounding microbial community. These processes involve the production, release and group-wide detection of extracellular signalling molecules, which are generically called Autoinducers (AIs).

Various methods have been proposed for cervical ripening. Due to conflicting results and significant heterogenisity among previous studies, we designed a randomized clinical trial to find out wether concomitant use of Misorostol and extra-amnitic saline infusion (EASI) would lead to better outcomes or not.

Pain abdomen and distention of abdomen in elderly male, which is chronic in nature, draws attention to multiple differential diagnoses, especially if the individual has multiple comorbidities in the form of Systemic Hypertention, dyslipidemia.

A 49-year-old Caucasian male, left-handed, with no known comorbidities, working as a middle school teacher, presented to the emergency room with a sudden-onset left hand weakness described as difficulty gripping with no other associated symptoms.

IGF2BP1 is a carcinomatous fetal protein associated with proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells. The different roles of miR-30a-3p as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene depend on the target genes it regulates.

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is an uncommon, benign but aggressive osteolytic neoplasm of the craniomaxillofacial region, histologically characterized by an abundance of evenly distributed multinucleated giant cells within a sea of spindle-shaped mesenchymal stromal cells, scattered throughout the fibrovascular connective tissue stroma containing areas of hemorrhage.

A patient in his 40s was referred from a primary care facility to the emergency department because of chest pain, hypotension which was managed with a bolus of adrenaline, and diffuse ST depression on electrocardiography (ECG) after a life event with a high emotional impact.

Cerebral infarction (CI) is a serious cerebrovascular infarction disease. In recent years, the use of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) has received attention as a new alternative for treating CI in animal model.

Post renal transplant patient often present with cytopenias including thrombocytopenia, this could be multifactorial including the immunosuppressive drugs, viral infections. Patient need immediate supportive treatment.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether elevated thyroid autoantibodies associated with quasi-Moyamoya Disease (MMD). We retrospectively investigated angiographically defined patients with quasi-MMD patients.