Articles

Wünderlich syndrome is understood as spontaneous subcapsular or perirenal renal hemorrhage of non-traumatic etiology secondary in 63% of cases to neoplastic ethology. The first clinical description was in 1856 by Wünderlich referring to spontaneous apoplexy of the renal capsule.

Anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis, is a persistent global threat to both public health and livestock industries. This study investigates a recent outbreak of sheep anthrax in Hyatti Mundaragi Village, Karnataka, India.

Bowen’s disease is a rare and unusual premalignant skin condition. It commonly present as large scaly erythematous patch or plaque, often giving rise to a large spectrum of differential diagnoses especially in hidden areas.

A 30-year-old, right-handed, Filipino male, with no known comorbidities, presented with fever, myalgia and arthralgia for 4 days. No complaints of abdominal pain, diarrhea, bleeding, and vomiting noted.

Background: Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare tumour in the head and neck. The literature reports less than 50 cases with different locations and variable ages from 22 months to 84 years. It can be considered a benign tumour, but potentially metastasizing and surgical excision is the primary treatment.

A 4-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder presented to the emergency department complaining of 4 days of fever, runny nose and a mild cough. Examination was unremarkable. He was diagnosed with a viral upper respiratory tract infection and discharged.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) are a group of infectious diseases where the epidemiologically important mode of transmission can be through any kind of sexual activity or sexual intercourse [1].

Shrinking lung syndrome (SLS) is a rare and underrecognized complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that can occur at any point in the disease. Several etiologies have been proposed, but the exact pathophysiologic mechanism has not been established.

Infective endocarditis is a severe and rare disease that remains a diagnostic and treatment challenge nowadays. A high index of suspicion and low threshold for investigation are essential to the prompt institution of antibiotic therapy.

Tuberculosis can affect any organ and the spine is the most affected bone structure in the case of musculoskeletal tuberculosis (TB). In this article, we present a case of an 87-year-old woman with chronic low back pain and previous contact with pulmonary tuberculosis.

A 72-year-old male was referred to our outpatient clinic due to the appearance of cutaneous lesions 3 months earlier, asthenia, anorexia and a loss of 5% of body weight. The physi- cal examination showed brownish macules primarily located in the torso region (Figures 1A,B), which progressed to painful and tense purple nodules

Objective: A case of polycystic liver infection was reported, and the diagnosis and treatment of polycystic liver infection was summarized based on its clinical features, imaging findings, and the process of diagnosis and treatment, so as to improve doctors’ attention to polycystic liver infection and the level of diagnosis and treatment.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome (MRKH) is a rare disorder characterized by congenital absence of the uterus and upper two-thirds of the vagina in individuals with normal secondary sexual characteristics.

Background: Tuberculous Spondylitis (TS) and Brucellar Spondylitis (BS) both cause major longterm morbidity and disability but are difficult to differentiate. This study aimed to identify Computed Tomography (CT) features of diagnostic value in differentiating Tuberculous Spondylitis (TS) from Brucellar Spondylitis (BS).

We report the case of a female in her nineties who developed a small bowel obstruction secondary to an obturator hernia. Our case describes reduction and repair of the hernia by utilising the uterine cornu as a patch to the obturator canal.

Beta thalassemias are characterized by decreased to absent beta globin chain synthesis. These are autosomal recessive disorders caused commonly due to point mutations in the beta globin gene on chromosome 11. Rarely there maybe deletions in the beta globin genes [1].

Shingles is a viral dermatosis caused by the reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus occurring usually after a primary varicella infection. It is a rare occurrence in the children population compared to the adults.

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is an autosomal dominant disease with multi-organ involvement in familial neoplasm. Genetic aberrations of the tumor suppressor gene VHL cause it. Based on the reports in VHL, the most common initial presentation tumors are hemangioblastoma in the CNS and retina.

A 47-year-old man fell and got a chopstick stuck in his upper left eyelid. The patient presented with decreased visual acuity, upper eyelid closure injury, ptosis, and ocular fixation. His pupil was moderately dilated without light response.

Hypertrophic scar is an abberation of normal wound healing. It developes as a result of hypertrophy of mature fibroblast in hypertrophic scar. It occurs from prolonged inflamatory phase of wound healing.

Anencephaly or cranium bifida is a neural tube’s defect which consists in a deformity of the skull and the scalp which are not formed completely. It can be diagnosed during antenatal period during ultrasound morphological routine test.

A 10-year-old girl presented with eight-year history of chronic osteomyelitis. She could walk without assistance until two years old and was found to fall over easily until now. She was seemed to be not sensitive to pain.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a common benign epithelial tumor of the respiratory tract, caused by the human papillomavirus HPV [1]. It affects both adults and children: the juvenile form affect those under 20 years of age, and is more aggressive with a high rate of recurrence compared to the adult form [2].

Background: This is a self-case report of a 56-year-old Moluccan-Dutch woman, an independent behavioral scientist in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. It demonstrates an effect of a tailored lifestyle intervention in two sessions over a period of 6 months on blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a rapid-onset weakness caused by immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system. Miller Fisher Syndrome (MFS) is a variant of GBS characterized by weakness of the eye muscles, abnormalities in coordination and absent reflexes.

This study reports a rare case of a large petrous apex hemangioma. A 17-year-old boy presented with hemifacial spasm and dysphonia, followed by right oculomotor dysfunction, ataxia, and right tongue deviation. Initial CT-SCAN showed massive heterogeneous tissue process located in the petrous apex, enhanced after contrast injection with significant osteolysis.

Background: Globally, 2.4 million newborns died in the first month of life in 2019, approximately 6,700 newborn deaths every day-with about a third of all neonatal deaths occurring within the first day after birth and occurring within the first week of life [1].

Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is an inheritable bullous disorder characterized by massive blistering of the skin in response to minor trauma. EB is classified into three types: EB Simplex, Junctional EB, and Dystrophic EB based on the level of tissue separation within the skin basement membrane.

Patients with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer have a high risk of brain metastases. The combination of pyrotinib and capecitabine has shown the activity and safety among HER2-positive patients with brain metastases.

Intramedullary Nailing (IMN) is a standard orthopedic procedure for treating fractures in the lower extremity. While IMNs are generally effective, rare complications, such as nail bending, can present challenges for both patients and surgeons.

The objective of the study is to make a comparison between piezo- electric ultrasound surgery and conventional technique in sinus lifting procedure with simultaneous implant insertion. Perforations of the sinus membrane are more common in direct sinus lifts performed with rotary techniques than ultrasound, but ultrasound offers better implant survival and bone gain.

Galactose is the most important sugar in dairy products. The liver and kidney are the main organs involved in galactose metabolism. There are three enzymes involved in the galactose metabolism pathway, the deficiency of UDP-galactose-4-epimerase is associated with galactosemia type III.

A 42-year-old male with chronic renal disease on peritoneal dialysis presented with a headache and altered consciousness. The patient developed fever, and the cerebrospinal fluid culture was positive for Enterococcus faecalis, leading to treatment with ampicillin and linezolid.

Unicornuate uterus is a type of female genital malformation caused by abnormal development of Mullerian ducts during embryogenesis. Its prevalence is estimated to be close to 0.1%, 0.5%, and 2% in unselected women, infertile women, and those with a history of miscarriage, respectively [1].

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) accounts for 54% of cases of dementia. The risk of Alzheimer increases with age and women seem to be more easily affected. Age is considered the most important risk factor for the disease. Cognitive impairment is the most evident symptom. Dementia is now considered a “social disease” because it involves not only the patient involved, but also the social network in which he/she lives.

MYH-Associated Polyposis (MAP) is an autosomal recessive disorder with a high risk of colorectal cancer. Current recommendations provide guidance for endoscopic surveillance without recommendations for advanced imaging.

Osgood-Schlatter Disease (OSD) is one of the most common causes of anterior knee pain in children and adolescents. It is a condition with a tendency to self-resolve, and as a result, treatment is symptomatic. In the few resistant and persistent cases, surgical treatment is opted for.

Breast Cancer (BC) is the cancer that ranks first in incidence and mortality among women. It is estimated that 5 to 10% of BC cases develop in patients who carry a hereditary predisposition associated with autosomal dominant transmission and high penetrance susceptibility genes. Germline mutations in CHEK2 have been linked to susceptibility to various malignancies, including BC.

To present clinical aspects of gingival overgrowth induced by orthodontic therapy and to evaluate the consequences of the presence of bacterial plaque during orthodontic treatment. Our study included a number of 15 subjects diagnosed with gingival overgrowth due to orthodontic reasons.

Persistent left sided superior vena cava (PLSVC), though rare, is the most common congenital anomaly of thoracic venous circulation. Most of the times, it gets incidentally detected during left internal jugular venous hemodialysis catheter insertion. Whether to keep this catheter and give hemodialysis through this, is a debatable issue.

Methanol poisoning is an important cause of death, especially in countries where alcohol consumption is forbidden by law. Due to unspecific symptoms, diagnosis of this condition is made by a delay; however, having a prognostic tool for predicting the outcome of patients with methanol poisoning would help physicians stratify the risk imposed to each patient.

Volkmann’s ischemic leg contracture is severe and debilitating, arising from prolonged ischemia of the lower limb musculature. This condition, also known as Volkmann’s syndrome or Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, occurs because of reduced blood supply to the muscles and nerves, leading to irreversible tissue damage and subsequent contracture formation.

Minocycline, a tetracycline group of antibiotics, is commonly used to treat various infections, dermatological conditions and rarely used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Prolonged use of minocycline in higher doses can rarely cause skin hyperpigmentation. Minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation can also involve the sclera and retina in the eyes. It can rarely involve nail beds as well.

Tuberculosis still remains a major health problem in our country. Young children and infants suffer more extra-pulmonary and disseminated TB. Diagnosis of this condition in this age group is usually difficult because of non-specific symptoms.

Myoepithelial tumors encompass a spectrum of neoplasms demonstrating myoepithelial differentiation. While originally well-described in salivary glands, these tumors have been increasingly reported in bone, soft tissue, and cutaneous tissues [1].

Type 4 hypersensitivity reactions convey a number of conditions that include Fixed drug eruptions. They share similar pathophysiologic backgrounds and sometimes presentation but can have very variable prognostications. Drugs are amongst the possible causes with acetaminophen and other NSAIDs being reported very frequently.

Hampton’s hump is a peripheral dome-shaped, opacification abutting the pleura, signifying pulmonary infarction distal to a pulmonary embolism. We report a case of pulmonary embolism that presented with the Hampton’s hump sign on a chest X-ray, which is an unusual yet moderately specific indicator for diagnosing pulmonary embolism.

To demonstrate that nurse-directed prehabilitation intervention may effectively accelerate postoperative rehabilitation. A single-blinded randomized intervention study. Based on the pathway management of enhanced recovery after surgery, a nurse-directed prehabilitation intervention program was formulated in combination with the clinical experience of gastrointestinal surgery