Articles

Peutz-Jeghers (P-J) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterised by haematomata’s polyps involving the gastrointestinal tract and melanosis of the lips, mouth, or anus. Though mostly benign, these polyps can transform into cancers affecting the bowel, breast and cervix.

Fournier’s Gangrene [FG] is a rapidly progressing and life- threatening necrotizing soft tissue infection that primarily affects the genital, perianal, and perineal regions. Though more prevalent in males, the mortality rate in females is higher due to delayed diagnosis and treatment.

Paraproteins are monoclonal immunoglobulins produced by clonal plasma cells or B-lymphocytes. In myeloma patients, paraproteins can impair fibrin monomer polymerisation or cause thrombocyte dysfunction.

When in 1992 Gordon Guyatt and David Sackett introduced the principles of evidence-based medicine (EBM) as a new paradigm for medical practice in a ground-breaking article, they expressed the anxiety that it might eventually be “hijacked” by industry [1].

The most frequent type of traumatic brain is an Epidural Hematoma (EDH). Because the brain stem is so close to this condition, it can become fatal very quickly if it is not recognized and treated appropriately. Early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head allows for a prompt diagnosis, and prompt evacuation is crucial.

A 50-year-old patient with no significant medical history, presented with an intertrigo resistant to antifungal treatment. Dermatological examination revealed a dry intertrigo with fine, powdery scales and a peripheral collarette in the fourth interdigital space, Under Ultraviolet- induced fluorescence (UVF)

In situations like peritonitis due to bile-duct injuries drains insertion give an opportunity for healing. However in presented case the bile leakage from drains spontaneously stopped. Only constipation leads to icterus.

Bilateral duplex system with ureteroceles is one of the rarest entities in urology. Duplex collecting system is a common urologic anomaly with a wide range of clinical symptoms and a variety of associated urologic abnormalities such as an ectopic ureter, ureterocele, vesicoureteral reflux and ureteropelvic junction

Fat Embolism Syndrome (FES) is a multisystem disorder that occurs as a complication of long bone fractures, most commonly involving the pulmonary, neurological, hematological, and dermatological systems.

Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (CHP) is a rare Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) resulting from chronic immune-mediated inflammation and fibrosis due to recurrent exposure to inhaled antigens. Diagnosis becomes challenging when antigen exposure is unclear, resulting in delayed recognition, mismanagement, and potentially irreversible lung damage.

A 27-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic, presenting with complaints of chronic leg sores that had persisted for one and a half years. The wounds did not heal despite various antibiotic treatments.

A 79 year-old male was incidentally found to have a 14 mm spiculated nodule in the left upper lobe on CT imaging of the cervical spine (Figure 1A). He had no respiratory symptoms and is a never smoker. PET-CT demonstrated mild FDG uptake and subsequent CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy only showed extensive necrosis.

Carcinoma en cuirasse is a rare cutaneous manifestation of metastatic breast cancer, occurring in 3–6% of cases. We present the case of a 52-year-old patient with metastatic breast cancer who developed extensive erythematous, indurated, and sclerotic skin lesions invading the chest, wich were confirmed as carcinoma en cuirasse.

Isotretinoin, a systemic retinoid, is mainly indicated in very severe acne vulgaris unresponsive to other therapies, for example, topical therapy or antibiotics. Being a synthetic derivative of vitamin A, isotretinoin inhibits the activity of sebaceous glands, normalizes the keratinization process in the follicles.

Osler-Weber-Rendu disease, also known as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary vascular disease, Phenotypic variation is extreme ranging from asymptomatic to severely symptomatic

Lower limb plegia following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) is an extremely rare entity with an unknown pathophysiology. A literature review revealed only one previously reported case similar to ours, where the clinical presentation.

In the course of studying about the treatment by pair annihilation, a new source of energy in the patient’s urine. Graphene exfoliator, NaCl + KCl solution can use to make a pair annihilation of boson particles. Fermion needs lesser Fermi energy to make a pair production or a pair annihilation by dopped colloid gold.

Acute or chronic thrombosis of the Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) is a rare but life-threatening condition that can result in ischemic stroke, Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs), or significant neurological deficits.

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) is a benign condition characterized by the proliferation of the epidermal and adnexal epithelium, closely resembling Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC).

KCNQ2-related disorders are rare autosomal dominant channelopathies caused by mutations in KCNQ2, a gene that encodes a subunit of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv7, resulting in variable phenotypes. Neonatal encephalopathy with non-epileptic myoclonus is one of the less common and more complex phenotypes of KCNQ2 channelopathies

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare systemic vasculitis, with cardiac involvement being one of its most severe and life-threatening complications. Early diagnosis is essential to preventing the progression of myocardial damage and reducing mortality risk through the timely initiation of targeted therapy.

Giant Cell Tumours are benign, aggressive tumours typically found in the metaphysis of long bones, most commonly at the distal femur and proximal tibia. These most commonly affect long bones. We describe a rare occurrence of GCT in the talus bone of a young female, highlighting the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, treatment modalities, and outcomes, in this case report.

Serum-Like Sickness Syndrome (SLS) is a rare hypersensitivity reaction characterized by-immune-mediated systemic symptoms resembling serum sickness. Serum sickness-like reactions are generally less severe than classic serum sickness and can include arthralgias, lymphadenopathy, and urticaria rash, with or without fever.

Radionecrosis, a common complication of radiotherapy, can be mistaken for disease progression. Advanced imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging with spectroscopy and perfusion, assist in differentiating progression from pseudo-progression. Treatment typically involves corticosteroids, despite the side effects associated with prolonged use, and surgical intervention in severe cases.

This case report aims to illustrate the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressive (FOP), a rare genetic disorder characterized by heterotopic ossification, through a detailed analysis of a specific patient case.

Ewing’s sarcoma is a very virulent malignant neoplasm composed of round cells with a high frequency in pediatric and young adult age groups. The present article elucidates a case report of a 12-year-old female patient with Ewing’s sarcoma of the chest wall, presenting the clinical presentation

As a surgeon, we all believe that nowadays acute appendicitis is the most common and frequent surgical diagnosis during a surgical shift in the ER. Some patients present with sudden pain appearance, others with a nausea, vomiting and wandering pain.

A 39 year-old man with no significant medical history presented to the emergency department following three episodes of hematemesis. He reported several weeks of intermittent epigastric pain and fatigue but denied any weight loss. There was no history of Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) use, anticoagulation, or alcohol consumption.

Background: Radiation-Induced Morphea (RIM) is a rare sequela of radiation therapy occurring most frequently in patients with breast cancer and is usually identified within the irradiated field. Diagnosis of RIM is challenging and frequently a diagnosis of exclusion.

A 37-year-old man presented with complaints of increasing abdominal pain for six months accompanied by chills, nausea, constipation, and an unintended 15-pound weight loss. He was hemodynamically stable with labs only significant for a hemoglobin of 10.4 g/dL and chromogranin A of 118 ng/milk computed tomography

Epigastric pain can occur from various underlying conditions. Typical diagnoses to consider include peptic ulcer disease, functional dyspepsia, H. pylori gastritis, cholecystitis, and pancreatitis. However, in some cases, the origin of symptoms may be unrelated, e.g. cardiopulmonary issues.

Heart Failure (HF) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has an incidence ranging from 17% to 21% and includes HF with a preserved or reduced ejection fraction (HFpEF and HFrEF, respectively)

Metastatic melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract is rare and often diagnosed late due to nonspecific symptoms. This report describes the case of a 66-year-old male with a history of cutaneous melanoma who presented with anemia and a positive fecal occult blood test.

Massive splenomegaly can be caused by various infectious, inflammatory and systemic disorders but is a rare occurrence due to underlying amyloidosis. Amyloidosis is due to the defective or unusual folding of amyloid proteins and is characterized by abnormal deposition of anomalous proteins.

Thrombocytopenia is commonly seen in patients undergoing hemodialysis, and effectively addressing and investigating this condition poses challenges. Research indicates that platelet counts may decrease by as much as 15% during hemodialysis sessions, although they typically recover post-treatment.

A 1-day-old boy, born at 39 weeks gestational age without relevant prenatal history, presented with a large vascularized pyroptotic mass occupying the left midface. No family history of congenital deformities, no parents’ consanguinity and no teratogenic drugs used during pregnancy. Shortly after birth, Ultrasound and computed tomography showed a heterogeneous mass mixed with peripheral calcific changes, occupying the retro-globar space of the eye, particularly the intra-Conal orbital compartment.

This case report tells the story of a 67-year-old woman who was diagnosed with minimally invasive Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma (FTC), a type of thyroid cancer. She underwent a total thyroidectomy, removing her thyroid gland, followed by radioactive iodine therapy to help eliminate any remaining cancer cells.

Microwave ablation and 125I radioactive seed implantation are two well-established minimally invasive interventional techniques that are widely used for multi-system solid tumors. This case presents an 85-year-old elderly female breast cancer patient with axillary lymph node metastasis.

Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM), also known as postpartum cardiomyopathy is a form of heart failure (HF) defined as new onset of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction (<45%) occurring in between last month of pregnancy till the period of puerperium

A massive skin and multi visceral involvement of large B-cell lymphoma is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. A 71-year-old man had multiple painless, reddish and firm cutaneous-subcutaneous nodules and masses on his chest and his back, gradually increasing in size. Skin biopsy result was consistent with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. 18F-fluorodeoxyglycose (FDG).

This case report explores the incidence of a stress fracture in the radial sesamoid bone of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) in a 24-years-old vegan woman. The patient’s distinctive dietary choices raise intriguing questions about potential relationship between nutritional factors and bone health.