Articles

Hypertensive tetraventricular hydrocephalus in association with polyradiculoneuritis and leptomeningitis in patients are very unusual conditions that can be related to viral infections.

A routine optalmological examination allowed the discovery of a significant underlying pathology: a right expanding carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm in a highly myopic woman aged 36.

Antimalarial drugs are widely used for the treatment of various systemic diseases. They can cause toxic retinopathy, which can lead to blindness.

Low-carbohydrate diets should be avoided in patients receiving Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors to reduce the risk of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA).

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune multisystem disease with prominent neuropsychiatric manifestations. Neuropsychiatric features are seen early in the course of disease with seizures forming one of the most frequent manifestations of Neuro Psychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE).

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) and its subsequent rupture is one of the life-threatening conditions. The most common type of arterial aneurysm, AAA, becomes significant at a diameter greater than 3 cm.

Disseminated histoplasmosis is an AIDS-defining infection caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. At CD4 counts <150 cells/μl, reactivation and dissemination of previously acquired histoplasma infection may occur, with devastating clinical consequences.

The emergence of immunotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of cancer has become a breakthrough in the clinical practice of oncologists.

A 23-year-old Myanmar male with previous history of percutaneous nephrolithotomy was presented with acute abdominal pain for 2 days.

Aortitis is the inflammation of the aorta wall secondary to infectious and non-infectious etiologies. It is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition.

Due to the corona pandemic starting in 2020 and the resulting rules for distancing and hygiene, boom whackers appeared as a good alternative to music therapy with singing and instruments.

We developed a population pharmacokinetic model to characterize the Pharmacokinetics (PK) of lumefantrine and its active metabolite, desbutyl-lumefantrine, in children under 5 years.

The burden of negative emotional states, such as anxiety and depression and stress in people undergoing surgery it is indisputable, because it is a critical event that often happens perceived as an unfamiliar and frightening experience.

The purpose of this research is to inspect the turnover intention of physicians in Pakistan after the recent reforms and to explore the relationship between turnover intention and job satisfaction, work stress and work-family conflict.

The purpose of this research is to inspect the whether being the child of a physician would be of importance for how young physicians experience job stress.

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition, who is characterized by numerous venous malformations in the skin and viscera, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract.

A 6-year-old dystrophic girl presented to the pediatric clinic’s emergency department with infected wounds and ulcerated tumors on her ears and buttocks.

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a benign vascular locally aggressive lesion that arises from a hamartomatous nidus, with nasopharynx being the most common and earliest site of presentation.

Cholera outbreak continues to threaten the lives of people of all age groups mainly in developing countries with segments of the population being more vulnerable notably pregnant women. Between 2014 and 2021, Africa accounted for 21% of Cholera cases and 80% of deaths reported globally.

Currently, it is widely recognized the role of the extent of resection on overall and progression-free survival for gliomas surgery. Brain mapping and intraoperative image guidance are generally required to attain such an objective.

Abrikossoff’s tumor, also known as Granular Cell Tumor (GCT), is a rare benign neoplasm commonly found in the cervicofacial region, particularly the oral cavity.

Botriomycoma and Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) are two different entities. The botriomycoma or also called Pyogenic Granuloma (GP) is a vascular tumor benign of the skin and mucous membranes, often post-traumatic.

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic, aggressive, luckily rare fungal infection that most commonly causes pulmonary, sinoorbital, gastrointestinal, and skin disease [1].

Gallbladder hemorrhage, rare due to trauma, iatrogenic factors, or conditions like liver/kidney dysfunction or cancer, presents with symptoms such as right upper abdominal pain and fever. I

Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is episodic vasospasm of the peripheral blood vessels. RP secondary to connective tissue diseases, such as systemic sclerosis, is well known, but RP associated with vibrating tool users is often overlooked by clinicians.

Diagnosis of ovarian ectopic pregnancy (OEP) is challenging because of its rarity. We report a case of 30-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain. Her pelvic ultrasound showed bilateral ovarian cysts and a right adnexal mass which was separated from the right ovary.

A previously healthy 69-year-old man presented to an emergency room with a vesicular rash on his right forehead in line with shingles (herpes zoster) secondary to varicella-zoster virus. The patient was negative for the Hutchinson sign, a rash involving the tip of the nose or nasal ridge, which indicates an increased risk of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO).

The pterygopalatine fossa is a complex anatomic space related to the skull base. Primary and secondary tumors can be located in this area. The approach to this space can be challenging due to its anatomy and neurovascular relations.

We report the case of a 32-year-old man suffering from a progressive dysphagia 4 months ago, who was seen in an ENT consultation and whose endoscopic examination showed a large shiny formation at the base of the tongue, considerably reducing the pharyngeal lumen.

Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is a rare condition characterized by acute ischemic damage in multiple extremities without any obstruction or vasculitis in the supplying vessels. It commonly affects the toes, hands, scrotum, and earlobes, increasing the risk of limb amputation and significantly impacting the patient’s quality of life.

A 56-year-old male patient presented to the Department of Otolaryngology with a gradually enlarging soft palatal mass on the right side over several months. Clinical examination revealed a non-ulcerated, dome-shaped, palatal swelling on the soft palate.

The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of doxorubicin (Dox) loaded nanocrystals starch in human breast cancer MCF7 cells. A model for breast cancer, MCF7 cells, were treated with Dox loaded in S (native starch), NS (starch nanocrystal), ANS (acetylated starch nanocrystal) extracted from Oryza glaberrima Steud and compared with Dox (diluted in water).

Introduction and background: Intraosseous Hemangiomas or Primary Intraosseous Hemangiomas (PIH) are slow-growing innocuous blood vessel tumors that make up less than 1% of all bone malignancies [1].

Oral cavity metastases from lung cancer are exceedingly rare, accounting for only 1% of oral malignancies. We report an 86-year-old female with lung cancer metastasis to the tongue and review existing literature.

This case reports the manifestation of a postoperative inflammatory membrane in a 75-year-old patient with a grade 3 cortico- nuclear cataract and pseudoexfoliations.

Placental Trophoblastic Tumor (PSTT) is a rare Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD), which is uncommon in clinical practice. Imaging examinations show no specificity, and it may metastasize to the lung, liver, vagina, or uterine adnexa.

Laryngocele, an uncommon condition, involves an abnormal cystic enlargement of the saccule within the larynx, often containing air and communicating with the laryngeal space.

Celiac disease is a common systemic immune-mediated disease caused by an abnormal immune response to gluten proteins, a protein found in grains such as wheat, barley, and rye.

Schnitzler syndrome is a rare chronic auto-inflammatory disease characterized by neutrophilic dermatosis and a monoclonal gammopathy of IgM type.

The styloid process is a needle-like osseous projection beneath the temporal bone, typically measuring 2.5-3 cm. Its fracture is uncommon and mostly occurs in elongated processes, often due to trauma, dental procedures, or sports.

Abnormal development of specific first pharyngeal arch derivatives can result in ectopic teeth which can develop inside the middle ear causing hearing loss.

We present a unique case of parapneumonic effusion from an unusual microorganism on a 65-year-old exsmoker with a history of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, following dental procedures for a periapical tooth abscess.

The most important step during the delivery of a child is the third stage of labor known as umbilical cord clamping. In this step the newborn is separated from the placenta and mother as shown below (Figure1).

A 64-year-old man was brought to the Emergency Department aftera sudden onset of severe left back pain. His medical history revealed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP).

A 74-year-old man presented to the hospital with a chief complaint of anorexia and malaise, which appeared 1 month earlier and had gradually worsened. He had no contributive medical history or medications of note.

We would like to report a case which developed delay anterior thigh compartment syndrome after total knee replacement surgery and review the underlying risk factors.

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NENs) of the esophagus are exceedingly rare, representing 1.3% of gastrointestinall NENs and 0.4%-2% of all esophageal malignancies. Esophageal NENs are classified into well-differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinomas (NECs). E

Hashitoxicosis is a medical condition characterized by hypermetabolism that is thought to be an uncommon cause of hyperthyroidism in children. This phenomenon is due to excessive release of thyroid hormones in a patient previously diagnosed with Hashimoto’s disease.

Pituitary Apoplexy (PA) is a potentially fatal clinical condition resulting from ischaemic or haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland. The ischaemic subtype is even rarer and more severe.

A 29-year-old woman was referred to our ophthalmology department with a poorly controlled diabetes mellitus type 1. The patient reported gradual vision impairment over three years and poor adherence to anti-diabetic medication, suffering from hypoglycemic episodes once a week.

Lymphangioma Circumscriptum (LC), a microcystic hamartomatous lymphatic malformation is a rare benign condition characterized by the proliferation of dilated lymphatic vessels in the skin.

The novel COVID-19 virus infection is known to be a multisystem disease. Moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 are usually accompanied by damage to the lungs and blood vessels, but the heart, kidneys, liver, intestines, and pancreas can also be affected.

Bedbug bites are arthropod bites which are mostly seen in especially developing countries and in countries which have low socio-economical status. If allergic reaction occurs due to these bites; urticarial skin rashes, macules, papular lesions can be observed. Its aetiology is not known clearly.

Scrotal calcinosis is a rare condition characterized by the presence of multiple calcified nodules within the scrotal skin. These nodules are usually painless and benign but can cause significance cosmetic concern and physiological distress due to their appearance.

Critical illness during pregnancy refers to severe medical conditions that can endanger the health and life of the pregnant woman and the developing fetus. Using critical illness during pregnancy as a topic for a review article can provide valuable insights into the challenges, management strategies, and outcomes associated with high-risk pregnancies.

Perivascular Epithelioid Cell tumor (PEComa) is an uncommon tumor of mesenchymal origin which can arise at a variety of visceral and soft tissue sites, most frequently in the uterus whereas particularly uncommon in liver,only 8% of PEComa cases.

Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome (MKS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the abnormal dilatation of the major airways, namely trachea and stem bronchi. It can be presented as the recurrent lower respiratory tract infection.

The main goal of the present case report is to propose a minimally invasive percutaneous approach in managing postoperative complication of severe chyloperitoneum. A 41-year-old female underwent laparoscopic donor left nephrectomy and developed chyloperitoneum after six weeks.

Subcutaneous Panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is characterized by malignant lymphoid cell infiltration within the lobules of panniculitis. Diagnosis of SPTCL requires distinguish from primary cutaneous c/d T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and lupus panniculitis.

A 51-year-old male with a history of seizure disorder presented with jaundice. He was diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis and unresectable metastatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin’s tumor).