Articles

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disorder retained after elimination of other causes of low platelets’ rate. It is mostly seen with B cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura’s association with plasma cell neoplasms is possible but extremely rare. Although several pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed, the causal link between these two conditions is not yet clearly understood.

The study was premised on the notion that insecticide-treated mosquito nets are positively related to malaria prevalence, and that knowledge mediates the relationship between insecticide-treated mosquito nets and malaria. Furthermore, household income was hypothesized to have a moderating effect on the direct and indirect relationships.

Immunotherapy has become part of the standard of care in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. However, immunotherapy is associated with immune-related pneumonitis and radiation-related adverse effects. Pulmonary-related toxicity after definitive chemoradiotherapy can be challenging to distinguish from disease progression, especially in the setting of additional immunotherapy after radiation.

Defecation disorder is widely common in constipation, which diagnosed by Defecography (DF), Digital Rectal Examination (DRE), Balloon Expulsion Test (BET), and others. It remains not clear that which one would be more accessible and effective due to no comparison of defecation disorders among diagnosis, classification and treatments, based on symptoms.

Since the world was hit by novel coronavirus pandemic, so many challenges for all healthcare providers have been arisen. It is safe to say that no specialty was singled out in the matter of different complication from this viscous covid-19 situation and neurologists and neurosurgeon were no different. There are some studied reporting neurological complication associated with coronavirus infections.

Mauriac syndrome (MS) is one of the rare complications of poorly controlled Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). It is characterized by poor glycemic control, short stature hepatomegaly, Cushingoid features and delayed puberty. Since the introduction and easy availability of longer acting insulin and insulin analogues, cases of Mauriac syndrome are hardly reported now.

Methylation is an ineluctable biochemical process in reproduction, that is a necessary step for proper gametogenesis and embryo development, through the conversion of folic acid to 5 methyltetrahydrofolic acid. This case report describes a 39-year-old female with known history of stage II endometriosis and premature ovarian insufficiency, who suffered from a biochemical pregnancy, followed by failed ART attempts such as intrauterine inseminations (IUI) and in-vitro-fertilization (IVF) while being treated with high doses of folic acid.

We report the case of a 91-year-old Caucasian female patient who came to our attention due to the appearance of a 10 X 15 cm plaque with irregular margins, with mammary appearance, strongly and variably pigmented, localized on the right hemiface after about 8 weeks.

The present work reports a case of a foal affected by Rhodococcus equi, an optional intracellular gram-positive pleomorphic cocobacillus, which, when eliminated with the feces of infected animals, in the soil becomes a potential pathogen, capable of causing mainly piogranulomatous bronchopneumonia. The animal, a 23-day-old Brazilian equestrian foal, was sent to the veterinary hospital.

A 17-year-old female presented to emergency department with acute abdomen. She was also complaint of significant weight loss past 2 months. On clinical examination she was underweight with fullness of upper abdomen down to umbilicus. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGDS) was performed showed grossly dilated stomach with unable to go beyond D3 region.

A 20-year-old male, found a snake shaped dark purple mass on the glans penis for more than 10 years. During the operation, the tumor was seen to be about 0.5 cm away from the outer urethra. The tumor was broken longitudinally, and the boundary between the tumor and the corpus cavernosum was not clear, and the tumor was bluntly separated until it was completely removed.

We present a 47-year old patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma one year after high-dose chemotherapy and 8 months after autologous bone marrow transplantation due to Hodgkin’s Lymphoma with achieved clinical and hemopoetic remission. The diagnosis of the second primary neoplasm was made after nasopharyngoscopy with biopsy, MRI and PET/CT.

Ectopic Cushing syndrome (ECS) is difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis. We report a case of a 44-year-old male who was admitted for clinical suspicion of Cushing’s syndrome. The investigations confirmed the diagnosis of ECS. No tumor was detected in preliminary imaging tests.

Foreign body ingestion is common amongst young children, and they tend to pass spontaneously in most. Multiple magnet ingestion, though not very common, requires early intervention to avoid serious complications. 1 year old infant was brought to us with symptoms of bilious vomiting and abdominal pain.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare systematic neoplastic disease exclusively seen in middle-aged women with an incidence of 5-9 per million. They can occur sporadically or in association with tuberous sclerosis. Histopathological diagnosis is the gold standard. Median transplant-free survival from the time of diagnosis is 23 years.

Studies from around the world show that the prevalence and incidence of sensitization to allergens are higher in urban settings. Skin Prick Test (SPT) is being used more frequently now to investigate specific allergen sensitivity along with serum IgE level. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of sub-clinical allergy susceptibility and to see association with gender, season, age, urticaria, eczema, dermatitis and total serum IgE.

The COVID-19 disease produced by the novel SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus has become a global pandemic that has affected, in one way or another, the socio-economic life of all humans. In order to analyze the morphology structure of it, the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus samples are observed under the electron microscopic, we proposed some algorithms to enhance the S-spikes in those microscopic images.

Acute spinal cord infarction represents 1% of all strokes. The neurological presentation of spinal cord infarction is defined by vascular territory i.e. anterior or posterior spinal arteries. A broad spectrum of diseases can cause spinal cord infarction, most common cause is surgical repair or diseases of the thoracoabdominal aorta.

Fracture of endodontic instruments is related to several factors from internal dental anatomy and type of instrument, to little experience and inability of the operator. To review case reports related to fracture of endodontic instruments inside the root canal.

COVID-19 infection affects multiple organs including cardiovascular system. Besides acute effect in active infection, COVID-19 also has a long-term effect on the cardiovascular system and reporting of these effects are increasing along with increased number of survivors recovering from COVID-19 infection.

With a great number of bilingual individuals in the world, there is a growing need for understanding and studying language. In cases of bilingual aphasia, patterns of language recovery can vary. The present case refers to a male patient, 52 years old, right-handed, born in Arkansas-United States of America and resident for 20 years in the city of Santos, São Paulo.

Rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for the management of COVID-19 patients and control of the spread of the virus. At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, Bangladesh had only one government molecular laboratory where real-time RT-PCR will be performed to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection.

A 36-year-old male presented with progressive diminution of vision OS for 3 months. He was a known case of bilateral congenital glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy at 6 months and 5 years of age OD and OS respectively. Best corrected visual acuity was 6/24 OD and 1/60 OS.

Bladder cancer is the 12th most common cancer type worldwide. The most common symptom is painless hematuria. The most common sites of distant metastasis are liver (47%), lung (45%) and bone (32%), respectively. 73-year-old male patient was admitted with the complaint of hematuria. With a preliminary diagnosis of bladder cancer transurethral resection of tumour (TUR-B) was performed and pathology reported invasive urothelial carcinoma.

The effect of global change on the incidence of vector borne diseases including malaria is of great importance. Malaria has been regarded as one of the most sensitive disease that responds fast to climate change. Pregnant women tend to have reduced immunity are more vulnerable to vector borne diseases such as malaria especially with climate change like flooding where these vectors borne diseases are endemic.

In 2019, a completely unique pneumonia, called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), spread rapidly throughout the planet. This novel global pandemic severely threatened public respiratory health and medical services. To date, apart from the common respiratory symptoms, coagulation disorders, especially Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE).

Renal infarction is an uncommon condition. While work up to rule out common causes is sensible, a significant proportion may have no cause detected therefore classified as idiopathic renal infarction. We report a rare cause of renal infarction with initial workup results were of no avail.

Injectable soft tissue filler procedures are a popular choice for the rejuvenation of the aging face. Thermal cross-linking of high- and low-molecular weight Hyaluronic Acid (HA) yields stable cooperative hybrid HA complexes with higher resistance to enzymatic degradation without the need for chemical agents.

Wound Care (WC) plays a crucial role in patient care conducted by nurses. It directly affects treatment outcomes, especially when chronic or infected wounds remain a big challenge for WC specialists and requires huge medical recourses in wound care and treatment. This research aimed to explore the actual situation of WC conducted by nurses to inform the development of a training program based on the Vietnam’s Basic Nursing Competency Standards (VNBNCS).

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with a hypercoagulable state. The similarity in clinical presentation between Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE) and COVID-19 render the triage of these patients challenging. We present four cases of COVID-19 who were admitted with first impression of pulmonary thromboembolism in emergency department.

A 38 years female presented with left flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. Ultrasound and Noncontrast CT scan were suggestive of left hydronephrosis with left Vesicoureteral stone (Figure 1). Conservative medical treatment previously was not successful. Blood investigations were Hb 11.5 gm%, TLC 11500/mm3, urea 22, creatinine 0.6, urine was full of RBCs.

An elderly male patient presented with chest pain and an initially abnormal ECG, with 1 mm ST elevation in the lateral leads. As he was pain free on arrival, he was treated locally, where a coronary angiography showed no stenosis and echocardiography showed apical ballooning which indicated Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TC).

Head and neck cancer accounts for 3.5% of annual worldwide cancer diagnoses with the larynx being part of it. The main methods of treatment include laryngectomy, but mainly a combination of radiation with chemotherapy and then combinations of chemotherapy with immunotherapy in more advanced stages of the disease.

This case underscores the need for clinicians to bear the possibility of gossypiboma in mind when patients who have had abdominal surgery in the recent past present with unresolving abdominal pain. This 46 year old woman who had an elective hysterectomy done three months earlier presented with unresolving abdominal pain of three months and lower abdominal distension of a day duration.

Inflammatory Myoglandular polyps (IMGPs) are rare intestinal polyps that occur frequently in the left colon and may present with hematochezia. Only a small number of cases have been reported in the right colon (2%). We present a case of IMGP in the proximal ascending colon. A 46-year-old woman of mixed ethnicity presented with a history of abdomino-pelvic pain and constipation.

We report the case of a 22-year-old-man, who presented to the ophthalmic emergencies for decreased visual acuity since 2 days. The clinical examination found visual acuity reduced to counting fingers in the right eye and 3/10 in the left eye.

We present two patients who experienced massive hemoptysis during follow up after pulmonary artery embolization with coils for Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations (PAVM). The treated PAVMs responsible for hemoptysis were supplied from the bronchial artery. Hemoptysis was controlled for a short time by bronchial artery embolization with n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in case 1 and gelatin sponge in Case 2.

Lower respiratory tract disease is the leading clinical manifestation of the COVID-19 pathology, and diffuse alveolar damage represents the histopathological condition of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) related to the new coronavirus (CoV-2).

Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease which has a major impact on quality of life and common psychiatric co-morbidities. Objective was to assess Quality Of Life (QOL) and depression in Egyptian acne patients and the effect of acne variables such as clinical severity, disease duration, type of treatment and presence of complications on patients’ psychometric using objective scales.

Castleman Disease (CD) is a rare non-clonal lymphoproliferative disorder. The clinical presentation of CD often overlaps with autoimmune, infectious, or other malignant diseases. The diagnosis is confirmed by a biopsy of the affected lymph-node tissue. A 39-year-old gentleman was evaluated for intractable abdominal pain fatigue of 2 months duration.

Thoracic Duct Cysts (TDCs) are exceedingly rare benign masses of the posterior mediastinum. They are thought to arise from congenital or degenerative weakening in the thoracic duct wall. We bring to light an incidentally detected posterior mediastinal cystic lesion that caused dysphagia in our patient and was found to be a thoracic duct cyst.

Mass-Forming Chronic Pancreatitis (MFCP) is rare. Moreover, atypical MFCP is difficult to differentiate from Pancreatic Carcinoma (PC) in clinical manifestations, laboratory, and imaging examinations. Diagnosis could be supported by the pathological findings of focal inflammatory fibrosis without evidence of tumor in the pancreas.

A 44-year-old previously healthy gentle man presented with dyspnoea for three weeks which was more severe over 7 days. He had anaemia, sinus tachycardia, wide pulse pressure of 100 mmHg, heaving displaced apex beat, and features of aortic regurgitation with occasional crackles over both lung base. Echocardiogram revealed vegetations at aortic valve.

Spontaneous regression of a testicular tumor or burned-out testicular tumor is a rare phenomenon in patients with testicular germ cell tumors. The condition is characterized by tumor metastases, suspicious findings of the testicular tumor on ultrasound imaging, and partial or total histological regression of the primary testicular tumor after orchiectomy without treatment.

Hypertriglyceridemia is becoming an increasing causative factor of acute pancreatitis. HTG is characterised by the presence of serum triglyceride greater than 1.7 mmol/l (>150 mg/dL). HTG induced acute pancreatitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality and if not treated timely.

A 31-years-old patient, pregnant at 32 weeks of gestation presented to our triage unit with complaint of gradually progressive persistent headache that started 1 day earlier and was unresponsive to all analgesics. Her history was insignificant for any major medical or surgical events and the pregnancy course was smooth as well.

Everyone wishes to appear younger. Actually, women spend a lot of efforts and money to fight aging appearance of skin. In the recent decade, skin aging has become an annoying social and medical problem at the levels of modern societies. Unfortunately, up to now, scientists have not discovered an effective treatment to overcome the appearance of the elderly skin.

Kindler Syndrome (KS) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by acral blistering of infancy and childhood, photosensitivity, progressive poikiloderma, and cutaneous atrophy. We report this case of KS in a 4 year old female child on account of its rarity.

The spreading of COVID 19 pandemic in Dengue endemic tropical countries such as Sri Lanka has increased the risk of dual outbreaks as well as the risk of Dengue and COVID 19 coinfection. Such coinfections are clinically challenging as Dengue and COVID 19 show similarities in symptoms and laboratory findings.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the most dangerous diseases which lead to sudden cardiac death. The diagnosis of CAD is very expensive and time consuming which made computer scientists to use artificial techniques such as expert system to diagnose CAD’ patients. This study presents a state-of-the-art of the methods and techniques used for the development of expert system to diagnose CAD by scholars.

Phantom pain is abnormal commotion of crushing, toes twisting, burning, tingling, cramping and shooting pain that is perceived in a body part that has been amputated or no longer exists. The amount of research in few decades has added enormous knowledge in better understanding of phantom pain. The theories of pain pathways have modified over time from mental theory to peripheral and core neural theories together motor-sensory cortical disassociation and tissue reorganization.

Aortic dissection is intimal tear in aorta and collection of blood in between the layers of aortic wall. The incidence of acute type A aortic dissection is between 2.1 and 16.3 per 100,000 persons. Aortic dissection is an infrequent but potentially life threatening complication of pregnancy with most of the cases occurring in third trimester and post-partum period.

Nuerocysticercosis is the infection of the CNS and the meninges by the larval stage of the Taenia solium. Neurocysticercosis is endemic in most Latin American countries where is the major cause of adult-onset epilepsy. A 16 year-old man had progressive headache, nausea, vomiting, horizontal diplopia and visual failure for two weeks.

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is an electrophysiological disorder of the heart caused by pre-stimulation of an abnormal lateral pathway that can be asymptomatic or may be accompanied by palpitations or shortness of breath. We reported a case of a 66-year-old man with a history of Wolff-Parkinson syndrome who was transferred to the operating room for simultaneous nephrectomy due to RCC and abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Current trials show conflicting results about the effect of successful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) on cardiac function in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO). Various factors contribute to a lack of functional changes after CTO revascularization.

No specific and effective antiviral treatment has been approved for COVID-19 so far. Systemic corticosteroid and remdesivir have shown to decrease mortality in COVID-19 patients, but mortality still is elevated. We propose that nebulized hypertonic ibuprofen solution which has bactericidal, virucidal, mucolytic and anti-inflammatory properties to be used for COVID-19 pneumonia.

Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV) are members of the Herpesvirales, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae. They are linear double standard DNA viruses. Skin manifestations caused by HSV is one of the commonest cutaneous infectious diseases encountered during dermatology practice.

Neurologic sequalae of Noonan syndrome have been postulated in the literature. A topic of significance is the role of RASopathy in the shared pathophysiology of Noonan Syndrome and Chiari I malformation. In this unique case report, we present a patient with concomitant Noonan Syndrome and Chiari I with 4th ventricular outflow obstruction.

Concurrent radiotherapy with Transcatheter Arterial Infusion (TAI) chemotherapy is reportedly effective in curing locally advanced head and neck cancer. However, the effectiveness and safety of using TAI with palliative or salvage intent after radiotherapy combined with systemic intravenous chemotherapy (IV-CRT) is not well known.

We report a case of a 42-year-old-woman, who presented to the ophthalmic consultation for decreased visual acuity complaints of blurred vision, altered pupillary shape since few months of her right eye. The clinical examination found a reduced visual acuity to counting fingers in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye.

Cancer patients are at an increased risk of developing active Tuberculosis (TB) disease. Immunosuppression because of cancer or its treatment modalities, including chemo-radiotherapy, places these patients at an increased risk of developing active TB. We describe the case of a fifty-eight-year-old male patient who was diagnosed and treated for carcinoma larynx but later succumbed to pulmonary TB.

Parotid gland involvement is a rare presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). We report a 10-year-old girl of acute myelomonocytic leukemia with normal cytogenetics and positivity for inversion 16, who after completion of first consolidation of the BFM 2004 AML protocol, presented with bilateral parotid gland enlargement.

We present a case of a patient with uncorrected Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) despite good CPAP compliance with an oronasal mask who was referred to our tertiary care multidisciplinary sleep unit. We present here our systematic and comprehensive re-evaluation of the case, accompanied by an image of the polysomnography.

Nigerian women of southwest extraction have the highest rate of dizygotic twinning worldwide, with a reported incidence as high as 49 per 1000 deliveries. Among the risk factors for dizygotic twinning is advanced maternal age, which is also an independent risk factor for Down syndrome.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is still considered as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality of victims by traffic accident. Despite a fact that many measurements and preventions have been applied, the rate of TBI is remained high. Aim of this study was to investigate treatment process of TBI caused by road traffic accident at Viet Duc Hospital after the Decree 100 which has been issued in Vietnam in early 2020.

COVID-19 and its consequences are still not well known. The recovery from the infection is slow and many symptoms persist for a long time. We present the influence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on serum metabolic profiles. The profiles were obtained using NMR spectroscopy from sera collected two years prior to the infection and twice during the recovery time from otherwise healthy subject.

This research aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and influence on the dietary profile in the gut microbiota, in an attempt to identify possible effects of grape juice consumption among school children aged 6-10. Anthropometric parameters (weight, height, Body Mass Index, waist circumference, triceps, and subscapular skinfold) weremeasured at baseline.

As of February 2021, cumulative high-certainty data shows that Tocilizumab decreases the risk of mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. COVID-19 patients receiving tocilizumab may have a theoretical risk of acquiring a secondary infection due to immunosuppression.

The World Health Organization officially declared infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020 and then as a pandemic on March 11, 2020 with reports of infection from most of the countries of the world.

A 33-year-old woman presented to the hospital with convulsive seizure and hypertensive crisis. As differential diagnosis cortical venous thrombosis, ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, space occupying lesion, Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) and epileptic syndrome were considered.

The success of an artificial crown mainly depends on the biomechanical factors such as bonding capacity of cement between the crown and abutment tooth, and root strength of the abutment tooth. In this case series, we aim to provide insight on the potential use of the cast metal post and cost for patients with intellectual disabilities and severely compromised tooth structure.

Vesical diverticula are herniations of the bladder mucosa and submucosa through the muscular wall of the bladder. A calculus in diverticulum is an unusual finding. It is usually secondary to bladder outlet obstruction. The patient typically presents with lower urinary tract symptoms, lower abdominal pain or abdominal distention.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferation of plasma cells with multiple foci. Plasmacytoma is a solitary plasma cell neoplasm involving a single bone. The most commonly involved bone is vertebra. Jaw bones are rarely involved as a first bone as they have lesser hematopoietic marrow. A solitary plasmacytoma may progress to multiple myeloma within few months to year.

Silent hypoxia is a well-known entity associated with SARS-CoV-2. It is a condition where despite the patient being hypoxic, they do not show any signs and symptoms of respiratory distress. Hypoxia can only be detected either by pulse oximetry reading or through blood gas analysis.

A woman 43 years, presented with 9 years history of a painless swelling in the palatal region, slow-growing. Her medical history was not significant. On intraoral examination, a median ovoid mass measuring 4 cm diameter was found at the junction of hard and soft palate.

Only very few cases with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) inducing Diabetic ketoacidosis in non-diabetic patients are reported. Hyperglycaemia caused by transient damage to pancreatic cells by the virus and cytokine storm is identified as the underlying pathophysiology. Here, we present a patient who presented with transient Diabetic ketoacidosis while being treated for COVID-19 pneumonia.

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy, which results in production of abnormal hemoglobin S. HbSC disease is a variant of SCD, which shares a similar clinical complication profile to HbSS disease, but often thought to be a milder condition. In patients with SCD, Hb S in deoxygenated state undergoes polymerization.

Loss of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF-L) results from a rupture of the skull base and overlying meninges, and pathological communication between the subarachnoid space and the nasal or middle ear cavity. Recently, the pathogenesis has been linked with Intracranial Hypertension (IIH), elevated Body Mass Index (BMI) and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA).

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multiple manifestations, including the presence of neurofibromas. These benign lesions can potentially affect every site of the body; its location in the head and neck region is not uncommon, but the oral cavity, and specially the tongue, are rarely affected.

Rickets is a common bone disease worldwide that is associated with disturbances in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and can lead to short stature and joint deformities. The study aimed to summarize the updated evidence as regards: Epidemiology, risk factors, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and management.

Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS) is a neurocutaneous defect involving facial Port Wine Stain (PWS) with vascular deficits in the brain and ipsilateral eyes. Facial PWS can be the initial marker and help predict the severity of SWS. To study the association of facial PWS characteristics, neurological and ophthalmological deficits in SWS with the degree of severity.

Mobile thrombus in the Right Atrium (RA) is a rare condition. Here, we described a case of a 59-year-old male who presented in emergency room with complaints of progressively worsening dyspnea for 7 years. He was normotensive, had elevated jugular venous pressure and clear lungs. ECG revealed ventricular tachycardia.

Intentional placement or forgotten foreign bodies in the lower female genital tract have been reported. Patients may self-report or may present with an array of symptoms including pelvic pain, vaginal discharge and vaginal bleeding. Ms X, 23 years old, presented to antenatal clinic at two months pregnancy with complaints of excessive discharge per vaginum. There was no bleeding or foul smell.

A 14 year old boy presented with lower limb deformities and bone pain since 8 months. He was severely wasted, stunted with tachypnea, pallor, genu-valgum, widened wrists and rachitic rosary. Workup revealed end-stage-renal-disease with metabolic acidosis, anaemia, hypocalcemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma of spermatic cord is a very rare urologic disease, so there are no clear guidelines. The mainstay of treatment is surgery with wide excision margins. The role of adjuvant treatments, such as Chemotherapy (CHT) or Radiotherapy (RT), is not clear, due to the few data available in the literature.

Duodenal perforation post - Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is uncommon, but if not treated well enough in time, it can have serious consequences. There are few reports that endoscopic-related duodenal perforation has been successfully treated using endoclips.

Chronic infection with the Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) is often associated with severe liver decompensation and fulminant hepatitis, but in some cases, it can present a stable clinical presentation. This study evaluated the clinical evolution of HDV-3 carriers from an endemic region of the western Brazilian Amazon.

Dysphagia aortica is an unusual cause of dysphagia. Diagnosis of this condition is usually based on chest radiography, barium esophagogram, chest computed tomography, endoscopy, and aortography. We report a case of dysphagia aortica who was successfully diagnosed using endoscopic ultrasonography and treated with life style modification and medications.

Laparoscopic Pericardial Window (LPW) is a safe, minimally invasive surgical technique for treating pericardial effusion/tamponade. This technique allows adequate decompression and avoids single-lung ventilation and the need for thoracic drainage in severely ill patients; it also provides anatomopathological and microbiological diagnosis leading to treatment measures.

Сoronavirus created all over the world a fear of death. How this virus was originated? The standard explanation from the Chinese was that in the wet market of Wuhan as there are Bat meat and Pangolean meat, virus was originated there and gradually spread all over Wuhan and other areas of China and then all over the world.

Fahr’s syndrome is an anatomoclinical entity, defined by Theodor Fahr in 1930. It is determined by the presence of intracerebral, bilateral and symmetrical calcifications, non-arteriosclerotic, located in the basal ganglia. One of its main aetiologies is Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP), which shows resistance to the action of Parathyroid hormone (PTH), with mainly hypocalcemia and normal to high levels of PTH.

This study investigated whether pulsed magnetic stimulation contracts superficial and/or deep muscles compared with those induced by electrical stimulations, i.e., low- and kilohertz-frequency currents. Eight healthy subjects were recruited and measured the quadriceps femoris muscle thickness using ultrasound imaging, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for stimulation-induced pain during the same stimulation intensity.

Rabies is a dangerous zoonotic infectious disease. Dog bites cause 99% of all human deaths from rabies. In Europe and North America, however, with the successful control of rabies in dogs, the wild cycle of rabies is the major and dominant cycle of disease. According to the WHO classification, the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) countries are divided into population health laws, health system performance, and health spending levels.

To evaluate the impact of misinformation on COVID-19 prevention and control in Nigeria. This review adopted a documentary research method involving personal and official documents sourced from Google, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases from February 2020 to October 2020. Related information was extracted from newspapers, social media, journal articles and grey literatures.

Episiotomy describes an incision made on the perineum to widen the vaginal orifice so as to aid delivery of the baby. Though not routinely recommended, it is a common during delivery. Despite the intended positive outcomes, complications like sexual dysfunction, urinary incontinence, chronic pelvic pain, perineal infection do occur following it.

Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MDS/MPN) represent a distinct category of myeloid diseases in the World Health Organization classification, defined at diagnosis by clinical, morphologic and laboratory features which overlap both those of MDS and MPN. Within the “Overlap” MDS/MPN syndromes, MDS/MPN-Unclassifiable (MDS/MPN-U) is the least well characterized.

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) is a necrotizing granulomatosis vasculitis that may influence most organs, but posterior pituitary involvement as the first manifestation is unusual. However, there are some case reports in this regard. A 49-year-old menopausal woman presented with polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss over time headache, purulent nasal discharge, malaise, ear pain developed.

Stent malpositioning in the septal perforator is a serious procedural complication and especially prominent after main vessel stenting in coronary bifurcation lesions. This case report demonstrates Computed Tomography Angiography’s (CTA) role as a backup imaging tool, in cases where follow-up Coronary Angiogram (CAG) cannot be immediately completed.